Authorship

Authorship is a system for assigning credit and responsibility for the content of published works. Acknowledgment and accountability are inseparable. Providing an accurate account of events is the guiding concept for establishing authorship. Standards of authorship apply to all types of intellectual activity, including print and digital versions of text, data, and images. In addition, authorship entails accountability and responsibility for published works. Published authors are authors who have made significant intellectual contributions. Accredited authors recognize their culpability and obligation for the published content. These standards reduce significant ambiguity regarding contributions but do not address the required quantity and quality of assistance for authorship.

 

Authorship Criteria

Anyone who has made significant intellectual contributions to the study on which the article is based (e.g., the research question, design, analysis, interpretation, and written description) should be listed as an author. Only those who have made significant contributions to knowledge should be considered authors. Although these contributions may be acknowledged in the publication, providing technical services, translating the text, identifying patients for the study, providing materials, and providing funding or administrative oversight of the facilities where they were performed do not constitute authorship. A single author ("guarantor") should be responsible for the integrity of the entire work. This is typically the corresponding author who submits the work and receives feedback, although other authors may also serve in this capacity. All authors must approve the final version of the manuscript. Ideally, each author should be conversant in every aspect of the work. However, current research is often conducted in teams with complementary skills, so not all authors can be conversant in every part of the study. Consequently, some authors' contributions may be limited to specific areas of the entire book.

                                                                                                

Number, Order of Names, and Conflicting Authors

The journal's editorial board did not limit the number of authors for each submitted manuscript, either one or multiple authors. In many cases, manuscripts with multiple authors give these manuscripts a strong scientific and literary structure, especially when authors share these ideas from different scientific or academic institutions. In such cases, a paragraph titled "Authors' Contributions" should be included when not all authors participated equally in all stages of the experiment, including recording results, annotating data, and final manuscript approval. If multiple authors participate in a single manuscript, all must meet the minimum requirements for authorship criteria, as described previously. In addition, the editor-in-chief may request further details about the authorship and interpretation of the authors' contributions to be considered as authors. If the editor-in-chief feels any kind of reservation, the editor may delete their names from the final accepted version of the submitted manuscript. In addition, authors must specify the order in which the authors' names appear. No one understands their contributions and agreements as well as they do. If authors do not disclose how they set authorship orders, readers will not be able to know and should not assume the importance of authorship orders. Ideally, authorship disputes should be resolved locally before the journal's peer review process begins; in special cases, the editor-at-large may help resolve these disputes. Suppose there are any changes to the authorship order or deletions of authorship, in this case, these changes should be supported by a written request from all original authors at various stages of the manuscript's peer review, acceptance, and publication process.

 

Conflict of Interest

Authors must be listed in the final section of the submitted manuscript titled "Conflicts of Interest." This section must appear before the references. In this section, authors must explain all potential conflicts of interest related to the submission, peer review, acceptance, and funding of the submitted manuscript. This section must be approved by all contributing authors.