Assessment of the Zoonotic Potential of Proteus mirabilis in Humans with Emphasis on Detection Methods, Virulence Mechanisms, and Antibiotic Resistance

Author(s): Nedhal hameed sajet ,Saif Mohammed Hamzah ,Omayma Abdulkareem Jawad
Date: 08/10/2026
doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8425890

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Abstract

Proteus mirabilis bacteria are a major cause of urinary tract infections, particularly in people who use 
catheters or have urinary tract problems. These bacteria are able to survive and cause disease thanks to 
their production of several virulence factors. There has been increased concern recently about its presence 
in animals and their products, which could allow it to be transmitted to humans. These bacteria usually 
live in the intestines of humans and animals, and have been found in farm animals, pets, wild animals, as 
well as food products. This review explains how it spreads, how it jumps to humans, and highlights the 
similarities between strains found in animals and humans, particularly in antibiotic resistance and 
detection, and in its ability to cause disease. It also shows that it may worsen bowel diseases, not just 
urinary tract infections. The study highlights the necessity of employing the "One Health" concept to 
enhance surveillance.

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