Evaluation of immunological factors (IL-23, IL-27) and the TLR3 receptor in women with breast cancer

Author(s): Ahmed Mahdi Hassan
Date: 08/10/2026
doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8425890

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Abstract

Objective: What distinguishes breast cancer in women is the abnormal proliferation of cells. Moreover, 
it is widespread among women worldwide, but understanding its basic causes remains complex. It has 
been found to have a close relationship with the immune system, namely interleukins (IL) and Toll 
receptors (TLRs), with the spread and development of cancer among women affected around the world. 
The aim of this study is to assess the levels of IL-23, IL-27, and TLR3 to determine their roles in 
pathological processes  
Methods: Sixty blood samples were These samples were taken from women with this disease, and the 
same number of samples were also taken from healthy women who did not have breast cancer In the city 
of Kirkuk. All of them were between 22 and 48 years old, and we measured some immune indicators, 
including IL-23, IL-27, and TLR3. 
Result: This study showed a significant increase in interleukinin concentrations (23, 27) in addition to 
elevated Toll-3 receptors For women with breast cancer. The results indicate the importance of these 
immunological markers in women with breast cancer, and suggest their use as indicators of disease 
progression or as potential tools in developing treatments for breast cancer. 
Conclusion: Breast cancer development is linked to changes in IL-23 and IL-27 levels, as well as TLR3. 
Evidence suggests that these cytokines contribute significantly to tumor growth and spread, and that TLR3 
helps the immune system fight cancer cells. These cytokines may represent a therapeutic strategy for 
controlling breast cancer in advanced ways. 

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